Case Study

Upgrading of the environmental monitoring network of Paraguay’s MADES

Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development (MADES)

Need

Asunción, the capital of Paraguay, has experienced sustained urban growth in recent years, accompanied by an increase in vehicle traffic and greater industrial activity in its metropolitan area. This development, while economically positive, has increased pressure on urban air quality.

In this context, having continuous and reliable environmental data became an institutional priority. Without representative and up-to-date information, it is difficult to design effective public policies, activate protocols during pollution episodes or assess the real impact of the measures implemented.

The Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development (MADES) therefore launched a project to modernise its atmospheric monitoring network. The objective was to strengthen the existing infrastructure and expand spatial coverage by integrating new technologies capable of improving the temporal resolution of data without incurring the high operational costs of traditional stations.

As urban challenges evolve, the ability to measure accurately becomes the foundation of any environmental management strategy.

The main objective was to measure air quality in Asunción continuously, accurately and representatively, reinforcing the existing reference station network through the integration of smart sensors. This combination made it possible to create a hybrid monitoring system, capable of combining the high accuracy of reference stations with the flexibility, spatial coverage and lower operational cost of Kunak sensors.

The modernization of the network enabled MADES to combine technical accuracy with wider urban coverage, strengthening data-based decision-making.

Solution

To strengthen the existing network, Kunak AIR Pro stations were installed, configured to measure the main urban air pollutants in real time.

The units monitor gases such as CO, SO2, O3 and NO2, as well as particulate matter PM1, PM2.5 and PM10, together with key meteorological parameters such as wind speed and direction, temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure. This combination allows for an accurate interpretation of pollutant dispersion and accumulation processes.

The stations were integrated with the MADES reference network already in operation, creating a hybrid monitoring system. In this way, the high accuracy of reference stations is complemented by the flexibility and additional coverage of smart sensors.

Thanks to interchangeable cartridges and remote calibration, the equipment can be kept up to date without complex field interventions. Two-way communication with Kunak Cloud enables monitoring of each station’s status, configuration adjustments and access to real-time data.

Cross-validation with reference stations ensured the consistency and traceability of the measurements, aligning the project with international standards such as CEN/TS 17660 and USEPA 40 CFR Part 53.

The network modernisation enabled MADES to improve the spatial and temporal resolution of the atmospheric monitoring system in Asunción. The addition of new locations expanded coverage to urban areas where continuous measurements had not previously existed.

The availability of real-time data reduced response times to potential pollution episodes. In addition, systematic comparison with reference stations strengthened institutional confidence in the data generated by the expanded network.

From an operational perspective, remote access to the stations simplified daily management, reducing technical travel and optimising resources. The ability to generate automatic alerts when limits are exceeded facilitates the early activation of preventive measures.

This project consolidated a more robust and adaptable infrastructure, capable of evolving according to the future needs of the city and the national regulatory framework.

The integration of Kunak sensors with reference stations enabled MADES to expand its network without compromising data traceability, combining urban coverage and technical rigour within a single system.

Results

The modernisation of the network enabled MADES to improve the spatial and temporal resolution of the atmospheric monitoring system in Asunción. The addition of new locations expanded coverage to urban areas where continuous measurements had not previously existed.

The availability of real-time data reduced response times in the event of potential pollution episodes. In addition, systematic comparison with reference stations strengthened institutional confidence in the data generated by the expanded network.

From an operational perspective, remote access to the stations simplified daily management, reducing technical travel and optimising resources. The ability to generate automatic alerts when limits are exceeded facilitates the early activation of preventive measures.

This project consolidated a more robust and adaptable infrastructure, capable of evolving according to the future needs of the city and the national regulatory framework.

The implementation of the monitoring network with Kunak AIR Pro stations has marked a decisive step towards modernising environmental management in Paraguay, providing continuous, high-quality data for the design of clean air policies.

This project demonstrates how Kunak technology can strengthen official monitoring networks, combining near-reference accuracy, operational versatility and sustainability, in line with international air quality standards (CEN/TS 17660 and USEPA 40 CFR Part 53).

Benefits

The Kunak station network enabled MADES to significantly improve data quality and temporal resolution, reducing response times during pollution episodes. Key benefits include:

  • Expanded coverage: integration of new urban areas into the monitoring system.
  • High data reliability: validation through comparison with reference stations.
  • Efficient management: remote access to data, configuration and calibration via the Kunak Cloud platform.
  • Regulatory compliance: strengthened institutional capacity to comply with the Air Quality Law.
  • Resource optimisation: reduced maintenance costs compared to traditional stations.

Project details

Customer: Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development (MADES)

User: Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development (MADES)

Location: Asunción, Paraguay

Sector:

Year: 2025

Parameters:

  • Carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
  • Particulate matter: PM1, PM2.5, and PM10
  • Wind speed and direction
  • Temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure

Solutions

  • AIR ProProfessional air quality monitoring station
    Air quality monitor

    AIR Pro

    The most accurate air quality monitoring station

    SENSOR-BASED | BEST AVAILABLE ACCURACY

    Benefits

    • Multi-pollutant
    • Smart cartridge system
    • Fully autonomous
    • Real-time data
    • Proven accuracy
    See more
  • Carbon monoxideReliable real-time data on CO
    Carbon-monoxide

    Carbon monoxide

    Reliable information about carbon monoxide

    GASPLUG TECHNOLOGY | PATENTED DESIGN

    Specs

    • Electrochemical
    • R2 >0.85
    • Range: 0-12,000 ppb (Type A) | 0-500 ppm (Type B)
    • Resolution: 1 ppb (Type A) | 0.01 ppm (Type B)
    • 24 months of operating life
    See more
  • Sulphur dioxideReliable real-time data on SO2
    Sulphur_dioxide

    Sulphur dioxide

    Reliable information about sulphur dioxide

    GASPLUG TECHNOLOGY | PATENTED DESIGN

    Specs

    • Electrochemical
    • R2 >0.7
    • Range: 0-10,000 ppb
    • Resolution: 1 ppb
    • 24 months of operating life
    See more
  • OzoneReliable real-time data on O3
    Ozone

    Ozone

    Reliable information about ozone

    GASPLUG TECHNOLOGY | PATENTED DESIGN

    Specs

    • Electrochemical
    • R2 >0.9
    • Range: 0-2,000 ppb
    • Resolution: 1 ppb
    • 24 months of operating life
    See more
  • Nitrogen dioxideReliable real-time data on NO2
    Nitreogen_dioxide

    Nitrogen dioxide

    Reliable information about nitrogen dioxide

    GASPLUG TECHNOLOGY | PATENTED DESIGN

    Specs

    • Electrochemical
    • R2 >0.85
    • Range: 0-12,000 ppb (Type A) | 0-500 ppm (Type B)
    • Resolution: 1 ppb (Type A) | 0.01 ppm (Type B)
    • 24 months of operating life
    See more
  • Particulate MatterReliable real-time data on suspended particles

    Particulate Matter

    Reliable information about particulate matter

    GASPLUG TECHNOLOGY | PATENTED DESIGN

    Specs

    • Optical particle counter
    • Up to R2 >0.9
    • Range: 0-1,000 | 0-2,000 | 0-10,000 ppb
    • Resolution: 1 μg/m3
    • 24 months of operating life
    See more
  • AIR CloudAir quality software
    Air quality software - Kunak AIR Cloud

    AIR Cloud

    Multipurpose air quality software for professionals

    REAL-TIME DATA | ALWAYS UPDATED

    Benefits

    • Secure and condifential
    • Air quality reporting
    • Advanced data analysis and visualisation
    • Reliable data guaranteed
    • Data sharing and integration
    See more
Air quality monitor

AIR Pro

The most accurate air quality monitoring station

SENSOR-BASED | BEST AVAILABLE ACCURACY

Benefits

  • Multi-pollutant
  • Smart cartridge system
  • Fully autonomous
  • Real-time data
  • Proven accuracy
See more
Carbon-monoxide

Carbon monoxide

Reliable information about carbon monoxide

GASPLUG TECHNOLOGY | PATENTED DESIGN

Specs

  • Electrochemical
  • R2 >0.85
  • Range: 0-12,000 ppb (Type A) | 0-500 ppm (Type B)
  • Resolution: 1 ppb (Type A) | 0.01 ppm (Type B)
  • 24 months of operating life
See more
Sulphur_dioxide

Sulphur dioxide

Reliable information about sulphur dioxide

GASPLUG TECHNOLOGY | PATENTED DESIGN

Specs

  • Electrochemical
  • R2 >0.7
  • Range: 0-10,000 ppb
  • Resolution: 1 ppb
  • 24 months of operating life
See more
Ozone

Ozone

Reliable information about ozone

GASPLUG TECHNOLOGY | PATENTED DESIGN

Specs

  • Electrochemical
  • R2 >0.9
  • Range: 0-2,000 ppb
  • Resolution: 1 ppb
  • 24 months of operating life
See more
Nitreogen_dioxide

Nitrogen dioxide

Reliable information about nitrogen dioxide

GASPLUG TECHNOLOGY | PATENTED DESIGN

Specs

  • Electrochemical
  • R2 >0.85
  • Range: 0-12,000 ppb (Type A) | 0-500 ppm (Type B)
  • Resolution: 1 ppb (Type A) | 0.01 ppm (Type B)
  • 24 months of operating life
See more

Particulate Matter

Reliable information about particulate matter

GASPLUG TECHNOLOGY | PATENTED DESIGN

Specs

  • Optical particle counter
  • Up to R2 >0.9
  • Range: 0-1,000 | 0-2,000 | 0-10,000 ppb
  • Resolution: 1 μg/m3
  • 24 months of operating life
See more
Air quality software - Kunak AIR Cloud

AIR Cloud

Multipurpose air quality software for professionals

REAL-TIME DATA | ALWAYS UPDATED

Benefits

  • Secure and condifential
  • Air quality reporting
  • Advanced data analysis and visualisation
  • Reliable data guaranteed
  • Data sharing and integration
See more