{"id":57979,"date":"2024-07-19T12:47:00","date_gmt":"2024-07-19T10:47:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/contaminacion-del-aire-en-nueva-york\/"},"modified":"2024-11-18T12:38:10","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T10:38:10","slug":"pollution-de-l-air-a-new-york","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/fr\/pollution-de-l-air-a-new-york\/","title":{"rendered":"Pollution de l\u2019air \u00e0 New York, le d\u00e9fi de respirer un air pur"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New York, la ville qui ne dort jamais, prend parfois des allures de r\u00eave lorsqu\u2019elle est plong\u00e9e dans le brouillard. C\u2019est loin d\u2019\u00eatre le cas pour l\u2019une des villes les plus grandes et les plus dens\u00e9ment peupl\u00e9es au monde. Bien plus qu\u2019un d\u00e9cor de cin\u00e9ma, \u00e9mergeant du myst\u00e9rieux brouillard qui d\u00e9coupe l\u2019horizon de sa silhouette urbaine, c\u2019est un\u00a0<\/span><b>nuage toxique qui menace la sant\u00e9 de ses habitants<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ce brouillard dense est la cons\u00e9quence des particules en suspension dans l\u2019air qui renforcent la toxicit\u00e9 des gaz polluants et cr\u00e9ent une\u00a0<\/span><b>combinaison dangereuse et une menace r\u00e9elle<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0que\u00a0<\/span><b>ses habitants inhalent chaque jour<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cette situation environnementale est\u00a0<\/span><b>r\u00e9currente en milieu urbain<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, en particulier dans les quartiers o\u00f9 r\u00e9sident la majorit\u00e9 des communaut\u00e9s latino et afro-am\u00e9ricaines, et devient plus oppressante chaque \u00e9t\u00e9. C\u2019est \u00e0 ces dates que le brouillard devient plus persistant en raison des temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es et du rayonnement solaire intense d\u00fb \u00e0 la saison. Ces facteurs entra\u00eenent une d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air en \u00e9t\u00e9 qui a un impact direct sur la\u00a0<\/span><b>sant\u00e9 et \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des habitants<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air \u00e0 New York peut\u00a0<\/span><b>varier consid\u00e9rablement en fonction de la p\u00e9riode de l\u2019ann\u00e9e<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, des conditions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques et de l\u2019activit\u00e9 humaine. La\u00a0<\/span><b>qualit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;air ne peut \u00eatre garantie\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sans le soutien d\u2019une surveillance\u00a0<\/span><b>constante<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un\u00a0<\/span><b>contr\u00f4le fiable et en temps r\u00e9el\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">de l\u2019air de New York.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Une exposition prolong\u00e9e \u00e0 une mauvaise qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air ambiant peut exacerber les\u00a0<\/span><b>maladies chroniques<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0comme l\u2019asthme et entra\u00eener des\u00a0<\/span><b>troubles cardiovasculaires et respiratoires<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, d\u2019o\u00f9 l\u2019importance d\u2019une surveillance constante de l\u2019air pour prendre des mesures pr\u00e9ventives.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plus d\u2019un citoyen am\u00e9ricain sur trois vit dans des endroits o\u00f9 la pollution de l\u2019air est malsaine. State of The Air 2023 Report.<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bien que, dans l\u2019ensemble, la ville de New York ait fait des progr\u00e8s significatifs dans l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air au cours des derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies en r\u00e9duisant la proportion de polluants, elle reste confront\u00e9e \u00e0 des\u00a0<\/span><b>d\u00e9fis importants<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Elle est toujours consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme\u00a0<\/span><b>l\u2019une des villes du pays les plus pollu\u00e9es par l\u2019ozone<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><embed src=\"https:\/\/www.lung.org\/getmedia\/338b0c3c-6bf8-480f-9e6e-b93868c6c476\/SOTA-2023.pdf#page=18&amp;toolbar=0&amp;navpanes=0&amp;scrollbar=0\" type=\"application\/pdf\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100&amp;\"><\/embed><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qu\u2019en est-il de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air \u00e0 New York\u00a0?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air \u00e0 New York est une\u00a0<\/span><b>pr\u00e9occupation historique et constante<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0tout au long de l\u2019ann\u00e9e en raison de la\u00a0<\/span><b>forte densit\u00e9 de population, de la circulation automobile et des\u00a0<\/b><b>\u00e9missions\u00a0<\/b><b>industrielles<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. En outre, elle a tendance \u00e0 se d\u00e9grader pendant les mois d\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9, en particulier entre juin et ao\u00fbt. Cette p\u00e9riode de l\u2019ann\u00e9e est critique en raison de plusieurs facteurs qui contribuent \u00e0 la d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es et rayonnement solaire<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pendant l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9, les\u00a0<\/span><b>temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et le\u00a0<\/span><b>rayonnement solaire intense\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">favorisent la formation d\u2019<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ozone troposph\u00e9rique<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(O<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">). L\u2019ozone troposph\u00e9rique est un\u00a0<\/span><b>irritant respiratoire<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0qui peut causer des probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 importants.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les \u00e9t\u00e9s new-yorkais sont chauds et ensoleill\u00e9s, des conditions qui favorisent la r\u00e9action chimique qui forme l\u2019ozone troposph\u00e9rique. En outre, les conditions stables de l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re pendant l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 peuvent pi\u00e9ger les polluants pr\u00e8s du sol, augmentant ainsi la\u00a0<\/span><b>concentration de smog<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conditions atmosph\u00e9riques stables<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019absence de vent et les pressions atmosph\u00e9riques \u00e9lev\u00e9es, associ\u00e9es \u00e0 la stabilit\u00e9 atmosph\u00e9rique saisonni\u00e8re, peuvent pi\u00e9ger les polluants pr\u00e8s du sol,\u00a0<\/span><b>augmentant les concentrations de\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">particules en suspension<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et de gaz nocifs.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Augmentation de l\u2019activit\u00e9 humaine<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019augmentation de la circulation automobile, due aux vacances d\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9, et la croissance des activit\u00e9s industrielles contribuent \u00e0 l\u2019<\/span><b>augmentation des \u00e9missions de polluants<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0comme les NO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, le CO et les particules en suspension (PM<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2.5<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et PM<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c9v\u00e9nements m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les\u00a0<\/span><b>vagues de chaleur\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sont plus fr\u00e9quentes en \u00e9t\u00e9 et peuvent exacerber la\u00a0<\/span><b>mauvaise qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Les temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es intensifient les r\u00e9actions chimiques qui forment les polluants et peuvent<\/span><b>\u00a0aggraver les probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">li\u00e9s \u00e0 la mauvaise qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En r\u00e9sum\u00e9, l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 est la p\u00e9riode de l\u2019ann\u00e9e o\u00f9 la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air \u00e0 New York est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement la plus mauvaise en raison d\u2019une combinaison de temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es, d\u2019un rayonnement solaire important, de conditions atmosph\u00e9riques stables et d\u2019une activit\u00e9 humaine accrue, qui contribuent ensemble \u00e0 la\u00a0<\/span><b>formation et \u00e0 l\u2019accumulation de polluants atmosph\u00e9riques<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_52853\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-52853\" class=\"wp-image-52853 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Nueva-York-al-atardecer-Kunak-1024x735.jpg\" alt=\"Nueva York al atardecer - Kunak\" width=\"1024\" height=\"735\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Nueva-York-al-atardecer-Kunak-980x703.jpg 980w, https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Nueva-York-al-atardecer-Kunak-480x345.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-52853\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">New York au coucher du soleil<\/p><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Qu\u2019est-ce qui d\u00e9t\u00e9riore la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air \u00e0 New York?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les conditions de l\u2019air que les New-Yorkais respirent\u00a0<\/span><b>varient consid\u00e9rablement selon les zones urbaines et les arrondissements<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, dans toute la ville, la source de pollution est une combinaison de plusieurs facteurs:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Densit\u00e9 de la circulation<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bien que des bus et des taxis \u00e9lectriques aient \u00e9t\u00e9 introduits ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, les voitures, les camions et les bus\u00a0<\/span><b>\u00e0 carburant fossile\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">restent une source importante de pollution atmosph\u00e9rique \u00e0 New York, \u00e9mettant du NO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, du CO et des particules en suspension. C\u2019est la circulation dense habituelle qui contribue aux niveaux \u00e9lev\u00e9s de ces polluants.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Industrie et construction<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les activit\u00e9s li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019industrie et \u00e0 la construction rejettent toute une<\/span><b> s\u00e9rie de polluants<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, notamment des<\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/fr\/cartouches-intelligentes\/particules-en-suspension\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0particules en suspension<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et des\u00a0<\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/fr\/cartouches-intelligentes\/composes-organiques-volatils\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">compos\u00e9s organiques volatils<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(COV), qui peuvent contribuer \u00e0 la formation d\u2019\u00a0<\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/fr\/cartouches-intelligentes\/ozone\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ozone troposph\u00e9rique<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chauffage et \u00e9nergie<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019utilisation de syst\u00e8mes de chauffage \u00e0 base de combustibles fossiles, ainsi que les centrales \u00e9lectriques utilisant du charbon, du p\u00e9trole ou du gaz naturel,\u00a0<\/span><b>contribuent de mani\u00e8re significative aux \u00e9missions de<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0SO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, NO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et de particules en suspension.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conditions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les conditions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques jouent un\u00a0<\/span><b>r\u00f4le crucial dans la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Les vagues de chaleur et l\u2019absence de vent, par exemple, peuvent augmenter les concentrations d\u2019ozone et de particules en suspension.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c9v\u00e9nements naturels<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Divers \u00e9v\u00e9nements naturels, comme les\u00a0<\/span><b>incendies de for\u00eat<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0dans les r\u00e9gions voisines, peuvent affecter la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air \u00e0 New York en transportant gr\u00e2ce au vent la fum\u00e9e et les particules en suspension dans l\u2019air. Le\u00a0<\/span><b>pollen<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, au printemps et en \u00e9t\u00e9, peut \u00e9galement affecter la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les PM<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,5<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0ont diminu\u00e9 de 23\u00a0% dans la pollution atmosph\u00e9rique de New York pendant le confinement d\u00fb au Covid-19. Sur la base de ces donn\u00e9es, une am\u00e9lioration sur cinq ans a \u00e9t\u00e9 mod\u00e9lis\u00e9e. L\u2019\u00e9valuation a conclu que les\u00a0<\/span><\/i><b><i>avantages d\u2019un air pur\u00a0<\/i><\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">impliqueraient une diminution des naissances pr\u00e9matur\u00e9es, du faible poids \u00e0 la naissance, de la mortalit\u00e9 infantile, de l\u2019incidence de l\u2019asthme infantile, des admissions \u00e0 l\u2019h\u00f4pital et des visites aux urgences pour l\u2019asthme infantile, des troubles du spectre autistique, ainsi que de la mortalit\u00e9 adulte. Perera, F. et al, (2021).<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_52859\" style=\"width: 679px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-52859\" class=\"wp-image-52859 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Particulas-en-suspension-durante-el-confinamiento-Covid-19.jpg\" alt=\"Part\u00edculas en suspensi\u00f3n durante el confinamiento Covid-19 - Kunak\" width=\"669\" height=\"332\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Particulas-en-suspension-durante-el-confinamiento-Covid-19.jpg 669w, https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Particulas-en-suspension-durante-el-confinamiento-Covid-19-480x238.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 669px, 100vw\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-52859\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Particules en suspension pendant le confinement du Covid-19<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les zones de New York o\u00f9 la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air est la plus mauvaise<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les zones de New York o\u00f9 la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air est la plus mauvaise sont celles situ\u00e9es \u00e0\u00a0<\/span><b>proximit\u00e9 de sources d\u2019\u00e9missions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0comme les <\/span><b>industries<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, l\u00e0 o\u00f9 la\u00a0<\/span><b>circulation\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">est intense et l\u00e0 o\u00f9 les\u00a0<\/span><b>espaces verts sont rares<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Les \u00e9l\u00e9ments les plus nocifs sont concentr\u00e9s dans certains arrondissements de la ville de New York, ceux-l\u00e0 m\u00eames qui affichent le plus mauvais\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">indice de qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bronx<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il s\u2019agit de l\u2019<\/span><b>une des pires zones de la ville<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Elle concentre un grand nombre de routes, ainsi qu\u2019une pr\u00e9sence industrielle importante et de nombreux p\u00f4les logistiques de stockage et de distribution qui impliquent la circulation de v\u00e9hicules lourds.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manhattan<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u2019est l\u00e0 que l\u2019<\/span><b>ozone et le dioxyde d\u2019azote atteignent les niveaux les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">en raison de l\u2019afflux important et permanent de v\u00e9hicules.\u00a0<\/span><b>Chinatown et East Village\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pr\u00e9sentent \u00e9galement l\u2019inconv\u00e9nient d\u2019avoir\u00a0<\/span><b>moins d\u2019espaces verts<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(parcs et jardins), ce qui d\u00e9t\u00e9riore davantage la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air de cette c\u00e9l\u00e8bre zone urbaine.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_52855\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-52855\" class=\"wp-image-52855 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Puente-de-Brooklyn-New-York-Kunak-1024x678.jpg\" alt=\"Puente de Brooklyn - New York - Kunak\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Puente-de-Brooklyn-New-York-Kunak-980x649.jpg 980w, https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Puente-de-Brooklyn-New-York-Kunak-480x318.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-52855\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pont de Brooklyn \u00e0 New York<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brooklyn<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il s\u2019agit de l\u2019un des districts les plus d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s, avec une\u00a0<\/span><b>population plus importante\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">qui souffre des effets de l\u2019<\/span><b>activit\u00e9 industrielle et de la circulation des poids lourds<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0qui d\u00e9t\u00e9riorent la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Queens<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La proximit\u00e9 de\u00a0<\/span><b>grandes installations industrielles et le r\u00e9seau de transport important<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0qui achemine les produits manufactur\u00e9s contribuent \u00e0 la mauvaise qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air. Le quartier de\u00a0<\/span><b>Jamaica<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0poss\u00e8de \u00e9galement <\/span><b>l\u2019un des airs les moins purs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0de la ville en raison de sa proximit\u00e9 avec l\u2019<\/span><b>a\u00e9roport JFK<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et d\u2019un r\u00e9seau routier \u00e9tendu.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Staten Island<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Outre la circulation automobile et la proximit\u00e9 d\u2019installations industrielles, le quart sud-ouest du comt\u00e9 est r\u00e9put\u00e9 pour son trafic maritime. Bien qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse de l\u2019<\/span><b>arrondissement le moins peupl\u00e9 de New York<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, la qualit\u00e9 de\u00a0<\/span><b>l\u2019air y est parmi les plus mauvaises<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> de la ville.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Principales causes du smog \u00e0 New York<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air \u00e0 New York est un\u00a0<\/span><b>probl\u00e8me persistant<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et donc un sujet de pr\u00e9occupation permanent. Les \u00e9pisodes de smog sont d\u2019une telle ampleur qu\u2019ils\u00a0<\/span><b>affectent des millions de r\u00e9sidents<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Malgr\u00e9 les am\u00e9liorations apport\u00e9es au cours de la derni\u00e8re d\u00e9cennie, les niveaux de certains polluants atmosph\u00e9riques constituent toujours une\u00a0<\/span><b>menace importante pour la sant\u00e9 publique<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les\u00a0<\/span><b>polluants les plus nocifs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0qui composent le smog sont les suivants\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ozone (O<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u2019est l\u2019un<\/span><b> des principaux composants du smog<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et un probl\u00e8me s\u00e9rieux pendant les mois d\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9. Il se forme lorsque les oxydes d\u2019azote (NO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">x<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) et les compos\u00e9s organiques volatils (COV) r\u00e9agissent \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re du soleil.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Particules en suspension (PM<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,5<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et PM<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ces petites particules en suspension dans l\u2019air peuvent<\/span><b>\u00a0p\u00e9n\u00e9trer profond\u00e9ment dans les poumons<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et provoquer de graves probl\u00e8mes respiratoires et cardiovasculaires.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dioxyde d\u2019azote (NO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les <\/span><b>v\u00e9hicules \u00e0 combustibles fossiles<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et les<\/span><b>\u00a0activit\u00e9s industrielles <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">augmentent directement les \u00e9missions de ces gaz.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dioxyde de soufre (SO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il provient principalement de la combustion de combustibles fossiles dans les\u00a0<\/span><b>centrales \u00e9lectriques et du chauffage<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monoxyde de carbone (CO)<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Associ\u00e9 aux \u00e9missions des\u00a0<\/span><b>v\u00e9hicules\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et \u00e0 d\u2019innombrables\u00a0<\/span><b>processus industriels<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ensemble, ces polluants d\u2019origine anthropique pr\u00e9sents dans l\u2019air sont \u00e0 l\u2019origine du\u00a0<\/span><b>brouillard dense et visible appel\u00e9 smog<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Selon son origine, le smog peut \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme\u00a0<\/span><b>photochimique\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ou\u00a0<\/span><b>industriel<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Smog photochimique<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ce type de smog se forme lorsque les oxydes d\u2019azote (NOx) et les compos\u00e9s organiques volatils (COV) se combinent sous l\u2019effet de la lumi\u00e8re du soleil. Cette r\u00e9action chimique produit de l\u2019ozone troposph\u00e9rique (O3) et d\u2019autres compos\u00e9s oxydants.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le smog photochimique est plus fr\u00e9quent dans les\u00a0<\/span><b>quartiers urbains \u00e0 forte densit\u00e9 de circulation et d\u2019activit\u00e9 industrielle<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, en particulier dans les climats chauds et ensoleill\u00e9s. Il se pr\u00e9sente sous la forme d\u2019une couche de\u00a0<\/span><b>brume brune ou gris\u00e2tre<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u2019est ce type de smog qui\u00a0<\/span><b>affecte principalement la ville de New York<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, en raison d\u2019une combinaison d\u2019\u00e9missions dues \u00e0 la circulation, \u00e0 l\u2019activit\u00e9 industrielle et au fonctionnement des centrales \u00e9lectriques. \u00c0 cela s\u2019ajoutent des conditions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques favorables, qui sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement r\u00e9unies pendant l\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 new-yorkais.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Smog industriel<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ce type de smog est principalement produit par la\u00a0<\/span><b>combustion de charbon et d\u2019autres combustibles fossiles<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0qui lib\u00e8rent du dioxyde de soufre (SO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) et des particules en suspension.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il est davantage associ\u00e9 aux\u00a0<\/span><b>climats froids<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et se pr\u00e9sente sous la forme d\u2019une couche de\u00a0<\/span><b>brume gris\u00e2tre ou noir\u00e2tre<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Il \u00e9tait caract\u00e9ristique des villes industrielles comme New York pendant la\u00a0<\/span><b>r\u00e9volution industrielle<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alors que l\u2019ozone estival est sensible aux NOx, l\u2019ozone est plus r\u00e9actif aux COV pr\u00e9sents pendant les journ\u00e9es d\u2019hiver et de printemps \u00e0 New York. Blanchard, C. et al, (2019).<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ce sc\u00e9nario a chang\u00e9 car, au cours des derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies, la ville a connu une <\/span><b>r\u00e9duction remarquable de ses \u00e9missions industrielles<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des\u00a0<\/span><b>r\u00e9glementations environnementales plus strictes\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et \u00e0 l\u2019utilisation de\u00a0<\/span><b>technologies plus propres<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pour lutter contre l\u2019incidence du smog photochimique \u00e0 New York, en particulier pendant les mois d\u2019\u00e9t\u00e9 o\u00f9 il est le plus r\u00e9pandu, il est essentiel de mettre en place des <\/span><b>politiques efficaces<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et d\u2019utiliser des\u00a0<\/span><b>technologies propres<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Il faut \u00e9galement assurer une\u00a0<\/span><b>surveillance constante de l\u2019air<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">contr\u00f4le en temps r\u00e9el<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Cela permet d\u2019att\u00e9nuer le probl\u00e8me tout en prot\u00e9geant la sant\u00e9 publique et l\u2019environnement.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_52851\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-52851\" class=\"wp-image-52851 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/New-York-por-la-noche-Kunak-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"New York por la noche - Kunak\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/New-York-por-la-noche-Kunak-980x653.jpg 980w, https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/New-York-por-la-noche-Kunak-480x320.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-52851\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">New York la nuit<\/p><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Comment la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air est-elle \u00e9valu\u00e9e \u00e0 New York\u00a0?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La ville dispose d\u2019un\u00a0<\/span><b>r\u00e9seau de stations de mesure de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">situ\u00e9es \u00e0 des\u00a0<\/span><b>endroits strat\u00e9giques<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0qui fournissent des\u00a0<\/span><b>donn\u00e9es repr\u00e9sentatives<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0de diverses zones urbaines. Elles sont g\u00e9r\u00e9es par le d\u00e9partement de la conservation de l\u2019environnement de l\u2019\u00c9tat de New York (NYSDEC) et l\u2019Agence am\u00e9ricaine de protection de l\u2019environnement (EPA).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les stations sont \u00e9quip\u00e9es de\u00a0<\/span><b>capteurs avanc\u00e9s<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Elles recueillent des donn\u00e9es sur la pr\u00e9sence et les niveaux des\u00a0<\/span><b>principaux polluants urbains<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0ayant un\u00a0<\/span><b>impact potentiel sur la sant\u00e9 humaine<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ozone<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(O<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dioxyde d\u2019azote<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(NO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dioxyde de soufre<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(SO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monoxyde de carbone (CO)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Particules fines<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(PM<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,5<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et PM<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Compos\u00e9s organiques volatils (COV)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"attachment_52862\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-52862\" class=\"wp-image-52862 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Medicion-de-la-calidad-del-aire-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Medici\u00f3n de la calidad del aire en New York State - Kunak\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Medicion-de-la-calidad-del-aire-980x551.jpg 980w, https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Medicion-de-la-calidad-del-aire-480x270.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-52862\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mesure de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air dans l\u2019\u00c9tat de New York<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019<\/span><b>indice de qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(IQA) est utilis\u00e9 pour l\u2019analyse. Il s\u2019agit du principal indicateur de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, qui \u00e9value les concentrations de polluants sur une \u00e9chelle de 0 \u00e0 500, les\u00a0<\/span><b>valeurs les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9es<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(300 et plus) indiquant une\u00a0<\/span><b>moins bonne qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>L\u00e9gende IQA USEPA<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les marqueurs sur la carte repr\u00e9sentent les positions g\u00e9ographiques des appareils. La couleur correspond \u00e0 l\u2019indice de qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air (IQA) \u00e0 un moment pr\u00e9cis, d\u00e9termin\u00e9 par la barre de temps en bas de l\u2019\u00e9cran. L\u2019IQA est bas\u00e9 sur les valeurs mesur\u00e9es de cinq polluants cl\u00e9s (O<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, NO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, CO, SO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, PM<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">10<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, PM<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2,5<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) afin de d\u00e9terminer le degr\u00e9 de pollution atmosph\u00e9rique \u00e0 l\u2019emplacement de chaque appareil. L\u2019indice correspond au niveau le plus faible de l\u2019un des cinq polluants, selon les fourchettes suivantes.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border: none; margin-bottom: 5px; height: 289px;\" border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"2\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px;\">\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #333333; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; padding: 3px 6px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; width: 9.694258%; height: 82px;\" rowspan=\"2\">Polluant<\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: #333333; padding: 3px 6px; border-width: 1px 0px 0px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; width: 89.112602%; height: 31px;\" colspan=\"6\">Indice de niveau (bas\u00e9 sur les concentrations de polluants en <strong>\u00b5g\/m3)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 51px;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-color: #333333; border-width: 0px; width: 6.711409%; height: 51px;\">Bon<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border-color: #333333; border-width: 0px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; width: 10.663684%; height: 51px;\">Mod\u00e9r\u00e9<\/td>\n<th style=\"width: 34.601044%; height: 51px;\"><b>Mauvais pour la sant\u00e9 des groupes sensibles<\/b><\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 11.483967%; height: 51px;\"><b>Mauvais pour la sant\u00e9<\/b><\/th>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border-color: #333333; border-width: 0px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; width: 12.378822%; height: 51px;\">Tr\u00e8s mauvais pour la sant\u00e9<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border-color: #333333; border-width: 0px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; width: 13.273676%; height: 51px;\">Dangereux<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 23px;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-color: #333333; border-width: 0px; width: 9.694258%; height: 23px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border-color: #333333; border-width: 0px; width: 6.711409%; height: 23px;\">(0-50)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border-color: #333333; border-width: 0px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; width: 10.663684%; height: 23px;\">(51-100)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border-color: #333333; border-width: 0px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; width: 34.601044%; height: 23px;\">(101-150)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border-color: #333333; border-width: 0px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; width: 11.483967%; height: 23px;\">(151-200)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border-color: #333333; border-width: 0px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; width: 12.378822%; height: 23px;\">(201-300)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border-color: #333333; border-width: 0px; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; width: 13.273676%; height: 23px;\">(301-500)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody style=\"border-bottom: 1px solid #333; border-top: 1px solid #333;\">\n<tr style=\"height: 23px;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; width: 9.694258%; height: 23px;\">PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> (24h)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #00e400; color: #333333; width: 6.711409%; height: 23px;\">0-12<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ffff00; color: #333333; width: 10.663684%; height: 23px;\">12.1-35.4<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff7e00; color: #333333; width: 34.601044%; height: 23px;\">35.5-55.4<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff0000; color: white; width: 11.483967%; height: 23px;\">55.5-150.4<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #8f3f97; color: white; width: 12.378822%; height: 23px;\">150.5-250.4<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #7e0023; color: white; width: 13.273676%; height: 23px;\">250.5-500.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 23px;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; width: 9.694258%; height: 23px;\">PM<sub>10<\/sub> (24h)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #00e400; color: #333333; width: 6.711409%; height: 23px;\">0-54<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ffff00; color: #333333; width: 10.663684%; height: 23px;\">55-154<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff7e00; color: #333333; width: 34.601044%; height: 23px;\">155-254<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff0000; color: white; width: 11.483967%; height: 23px;\">255-354<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #8f3f97; color: white; width: 12.378822%; height: 23px;\">355-424<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #7e0023; color: white; width: 13.273676%; height: 23px;\">425-604<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 23px;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; width: 9.694258%; height: 23px;\">NO<sub>2<\/sub> (1h)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #00e400; color: #333333; width: 6.711409%; height: 23px;\">0-99.6<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ffff00; color: #333333; width: 10.663684%; height: 23px;\">99.7-188<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff7e00; color: #333333; width: 34.601044%; height: 23px;\">188.1-676.8<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff0000; color: white; width: 11.483967%; height: 23px;\">676.9-1220.1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #8f3f97; color: white; width: 12.378822%; height: 23px;\">1220.2-2348.1<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #7e0023; color: white; width: 13.273676%; height: 23px;\">2348.2-3852.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 23px;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; width: 9.694258%; height: 23px;\">O<sub>3<\/sub> (8h)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #00e400; color: #333333; width: 6.711409%; height: 23px;\">0-108<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ffff00; color: #333333; width: 10.663684%; height: 23px;\">109-140<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff7e00; color: #333333; width: 34.601044%; height: 23px;\">140-210<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff0000; color: white; width: 11.483967%; height: 23px;\">211-400<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #8f3f97; color: white; width: 12.378822%; height: 23px;\">&#8211;<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #7e0023; color: white; width: 13.273676%; height: 23px;\">&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 23px;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; width: 9.694258%; height: 23px;\">O<sub>3<\/sub> (1h)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #00e400; color: #333333; width: 6.711409%; height: 23px;\">&#8211;<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ffff00; color: #333333; width: 10.663684%; height: 23px;\">&#8211;<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff7e00; color: #333333; width: 34.601044%; height: 23px;\">250-328<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff0000; color: white; width: 11.483967%; height: 23px;\">329-408<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #8f3f97; color: white; width: 12.378822%; height: 23px;\">409-808<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #7e0023; color: white; width: 13.273676%; height: 23px;\">809-1208<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 23px;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; width: 9.694258%; height: 23px;\">SO<sub>2<\/sub> (1h)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #00e400; color: #333333; width: 6.711409%; height: 23px;\">0-93.13<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ffff00; color: #333333; width: 10.663684%; height: 23px;\">93.14-199.56<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff7e00; color: #333333; width: 34.601044%; height: 23px;\">199.57-494.92<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff0000; color: white; width: 11.483967%; height: 23px;\">494.93-808.91<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #8f3f97; color: white; width: 12.378822%; height: 23px;\">&#8211;<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #7e0023; color: white; width: 13.273676%; height: 23px;\">&#8211;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 23px;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; width: 9.694258%; height: 23px;\">SO<sub>2<\/sub> (24h)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #00e400; color: #333333; width: 6.711409%; height: 23px;\">&#8211;<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ffff00; color: #333333; width: 10.663684%; height: 23px;\">&#8211;<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff7e00; color: #333333; width: 34.601044%; height: 23px;\">&#8211;<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff0000; color: white; width: 11.483967%; height: 23px;\">&#8211;<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #8f3f97; color: white; width: 12.378822%; height: 23px;\">808.92-1607.18<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #7e0023; color: white; width: 13.273676%; height: 23px;\">1607.19-2671.54<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 23px;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; width: 9.694258%; height: 23px;\">CO (8h)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #00e400; color: #333333; width: 6.711409%; height: 23px;\">0-5038<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ffff00; color: #333333; width: 10.663684%; height: 23px;\">5039-10763<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff7e00; color: #333333; width: 34.601044%; height: 23px;\">10764-14198<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #ff0000; color: white; width: 11.483967%; height: 23px;\">14199-17633<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #8f3f97; color: white; width: 12.378822%; height: 23px;\">17633-34808<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 3px 6px; border: none; background-color: #7e0023; color: white; width: 13.273676%; height: 23px;\">34809-57708<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le sch\u00e9ma de couleurs est fourni pour donner des informations sur l\u2019\u00e9tat des dispositifs Kunak.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les marqueurs gris indiquent les stations pour lesquelles les donn\u00e9es sont inexistantes ou insuffisantes pour le calcul de l\u2019indice.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019indice de qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air n\u2019est pas seulement un outil d\u2019information, mais aussi un\u00a0<\/span><b>guide essentiel pour la protection de la sant\u00e9 publique\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et l\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la qualit\u00e9 de vie \u00e0 New York.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c0 leur tour, les \u00e9quipes de scientifiques g\u00e9n\u00e8rent des\u00a0<\/span><b>mod\u00e8les informatiques de qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0pour\u00a0<\/span><b>pr\u00e9dire les sc\u00e9narios futurs <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">de qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air sur la base des conditions actuelles et de la variabilit\u00e9 des facteurs m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques comme l\u2019humidit\u00e9, la vitesse du vent et la pression atmosph\u00e9rique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La cr\u00e9ation de tels mod\u00e8les informatiques permet d\u2019<\/span><b>anticiper l\u2019arriv\u00e9e d\u2019\u00e9pisodes de mauvaise qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et de prendre des mesures visant \u00e0 les pr\u00e9venir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ces donn\u00e9es, les\u00a0<\/span><b>pr\u00e9visions quotidiennes de qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sont affich\u00e9es et mises \u00e0 la disposition du grand public via des sites Internet, des applications mobiles et distribu\u00e9es aux m\u00e9dias.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elle permettra \u00e9galement aux\u00a0<\/span><b>citoyens\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">de signaler plus facilement, via une plateforme num\u00e9rique, les\u00a0<\/span><b>incidents li\u00e9s \u00e0 la pollution atmosph\u00e9rique et aux odeurs<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, afin que les autorit\u00e9s locales puissent prendre des mesures en temps utile.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_52712\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-52712\" class=\"wp-image-52712 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Contaminacion_del_aire_en_Nueva_York.jpg\" alt=\"Contaminaci\u00f3n del aire en Nueva York - Kunak\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Contaminacion_del_aire_en_Nueva_York-1280x853.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Contaminacion_del_aire_en_Nueva_York-980x653.jpg 980w, https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Contaminacion_del_aire_en_Nueva_York-480x320.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) and (max-width: 1280px) 1280px, 100vw\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-52712\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pollution atmosph\u00e9rique \u00e0 New York<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O\u00f9 v\u00e9rifier la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air \u00e0 New York\u00a0?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La\u00a0<\/span><b>carte de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air de la ville de New York<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0est un\u00a0<\/span><b>outil interactif en ligne<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0qui fournit des informations actualis\u00e9es et accessibles sur la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air dans diff\u00e9rentes zones de la ville.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il s\u2019agit d\u2019un outil utile g\u00e9r\u00e9 par le\u00a0<\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.health.ny.gov\/health_care\/medicaid\/redesign\/ehr\/registry\/nycdohmh.htm\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">minist\u00e8re de la sant\u00e9 et de l\u2019hygi\u00e8ne mentale de la ville de New York\u00a0<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(NYC DOHMH) et d\u2019autres agences environnementales. Les principales caract\u00e9ristiques de la carte sont les suivantes\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contr\u00f4le continu et en temps r\u00e9el.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R\u00e9seau de capteurs de qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air r\u00e9partis en stations.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interface graphique d\u2019interaction \u00e0 l\u2019intention des utilisateurs.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Code couleur pour afficher les informations en fonction de l\u2019IQA.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les donn\u00e9es historiques permettent de d\u00e9gager des tendances et d\u2019analyser des sch\u00e9mas.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pr\u00e9diction pour pr\u00e9voir la qualit\u00e9 future de l\u2019air.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conseils et avertissements en mati\u00e8re de sant\u00e9, principalement \u00e0 l\u2019intention des groupes vuln\u00e9rables comme les enfants et les personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Acc\u00e8s facile \u00e0 la consultation publique.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promouvoir la sensibilisation du public.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La carte peut \u00e9galement \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e dans le cadre d\u2019<\/span><b>\u00e9tudes de recherche\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pour analyser les tendances \u00e0 long terme de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air\u00a0; elle peut \u00e9galement \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e pour\u00a0<\/span><b>\u00e9valuer l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 des politiques environnementales<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0existantes et pour adapter leurs mesures.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/gispub.epa.gov\/airnow\/?showgreencontours=true\"><b>Voir la carte.<\/b><\/a><b><\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 de cette carte via les plateformes num\u00e9riques permet \u00e0\u00a0<\/span><b>quiconque<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, du citoyen concern\u00e9 au chercheur universitaire, d\u2019<\/span><b>explorer et de mieux comprendre les sch\u00e9mas de pollution\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">atmosph\u00e9rique \u00e0 New York.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En fin de compte, la carte de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air n\u2019est pas seulement un outil de surveillance, mais aussi un\u00a0<\/span><b>catalyseur pour l\u2019action communautaire<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et l\u2019<\/span><b>am\u00e9lioration continue de l\u2019air<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0que les New-Yorkais respirent au quotidien.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_52857\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-52857\" class=\"wp-image-52857 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Trafico-en-New-York-Kunak-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Tr\u00e1fico en New York - Kunak\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Trafico-en-New-York-Kunak-980x653.jpg 980w, https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Trafico-en-New-York-Kunak-480x320.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-52857\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Circulation \u00e0 New York<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Comment am\u00e9liorer la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air \u00e0 New York\u00a0?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Aunque, en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas, se han logrado avances significativos en la mejora de la calidad del aire en Nueva York, el <b>esmog sigue siendo un problema persistente<\/b>, especialmente en los meses de verano.<\/p>\n<p>La combinaci\u00f3n de tr\u00e1fico de veh\u00edculos, actividad industrial y condiciones meteorol\u00f3gicas desfavorables contribuye a los frecuentes episodios de mala calidad del aire que registra la ciudad. Para minimizarlos es crucial <b>continuar implementando pol\u00edticas<\/b> y disponer de <b>tecnolog\u00edas con las que proteger la salud p\u00fablica<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>Entre las<b> principales y m\u00e1s efectivas medidas de mitigaci\u00f3n<\/b> de la contaminaci\u00f3n de Nueva York se cuenta con:<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R\u00e8glements et politiques<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">New York a mis en place des\u00a0<\/span><b>r\u00e9glementations strictes\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pour contr\u00f4ler les \u00e9missions des v\u00e9hicules et de l\u2019industrie. Des programmes comme <\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/cleanheat.ny.gov\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Clean Heat<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0visent \u00e0\u00a0<\/span><b>r\u00e9duire l\u2019utilisation des combustibles fossiles dans les syst\u00e8mes de chauffage et de refroidissement <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">des foyers.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Transports publics<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Encourager l\u2019utilisation des <\/span><b>transports<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><b>publics<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(aliment\u00e9s par des \u00e9nergies plus respectueuses de l\u2019environnement), des\u00a0<\/span><b>v\u00e9los\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et des\u00a0<\/span><b>voies pi\u00e9tonnes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0permet de r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions des v\u00e9hicules \u00e0 combustion tout en promouvant la\u00a0<\/span><b>mobilit\u00e9 durable<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zone \u00e0 faibles \u00e9missions<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La mise en place de ces zones \u00e0 circulation restreinte pour les v\u00e9hicules les plus polluants, ou\u00a0<\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/fr\/zones-a-faibles-emissions-et-controle-de-la-pollution-atmospherique\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">zones \u00e0 faibles \u00e9missions<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0(ZFE), permet\u00a0<\/span><b>d\u2019am\u00e9liorer la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0\u00e0 New York.<\/span><\/p>\n\n    <div class=\"calls one-column call-fondo-blanco espacio-blanco-derecha call-con-foto\" >\n        <div class=\"calls-content\">\n                        \t<div class=\"calls-imagen\">\n            \t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"757\" height=\"667\" src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/cta-informe-tecnico-urban-document.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/cta-informe-tecnico-urban-document.png 757w, https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/cta-informe-tecnico-urban-document-480x423.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 757px, 100vw\" \/>            \t<\/div>\n\n                        <div class=\"calls-content-inner\">\n                <p class=\"calls-title\">Besoin de surveiller la qualit\u00e9 de l&#039;air dans votre ville ?<\/p> <!-- Mostrar el t\u00edtulo del CTA -->\n                <div class=\"calls-text\"><p>Rendez votre ville plus verte et plus saine en ma\u00eetrisant la pollution de l&rsquo;air.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e9l\u00e9chargez le rapport complet d\u00e8s maintenant et d\u00e9couvrez comment la mairie de Bilbao a r\u00e9duit la pollution de l&rsquo;air et cr\u00e9\u00e9 une ville plus durable.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n                \t                <div class=\"calls-buttons\">\n\t                    \t                        <a href=\"\" class=\"et_pb_button calls-button\"  target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\">\n\t                            T\u00e9l\u00e9charger le rapport\t                        <\/a>\n\t                    \t                <\/div>\n\t                        <\/div>   \n            \n        \n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    \n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u00e9chets durables<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u00e9velopper des pratiques durables dans la\u00a0<\/span><b>gestion des d\u00e9chets urbains et des eaux us\u00e9es<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et r\u00e9duire l\u2019incin\u00e9ration des d\u00e9chets.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Surveillance et alertes<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les syst\u00e8mes avanc\u00e9s de\u00a0<\/span><b>surveillance de l\u2019air<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0utilisant des\u00a0<\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/fr\/capteur-de-qualite-de-lair\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">capteurs\u00a0autonomes\u00a0de qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air\u00a0<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, comme ceux de Kunak, fournissent des<\/span><b>\u00a0donn\u00e9es fiables en temps r\u00e9el<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ils permettent \u00e9galement aux agences de gestion de\u00a0<\/span><b>prendre des d\u00e9cisions en temps utile<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Leurs donn\u00e9es d\u00e9clenchent \u00e9galement des\u00a0<\/span><b>alertes pr\u00e9coces<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0informant le public de la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air et des mesures \u00e0 prendre les jours de forte pollution afin que les<\/span><b> citoyens \u00e9vitent de rester \u00e0 l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">plus longtemps qu\u2019il n\u2019est conseill\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Technologies propres<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Promouvoir l\u2019utilisation des\u00a0<\/span><b>\u00e9nergies renouvelables<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0et des\u00a0<\/span><b>technologies propres <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pour r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions industrielles et encourager les d\u00e9placements dans des v\u00e9hicules plus respectueux de l\u2019environnement.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Espaces verts<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un\u00a0<\/span><b>plus grand nombre de parcs et de jardins\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et l\u2019augmentation du nombre de\u00a0<\/span><b>zones arbor\u00e9es\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">dans la ville contribuent \u00e0\u00a0<\/span><b>absorber les polluants atmosph\u00e9riques<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les temp\u00e9ratures et d\u2019autres changements climatiques locaux, \u00e0 diminuer les \u00e9missions de COV et \u00e0 accro\u00eetre l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique des b\u00e2timents.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ces mesures font partie de celles qui contribuent d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air \u00e0 New York. Seule une\u00a0<\/span><b>vision globale impliquant les diff\u00e9rents secteurs sociaux\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">et la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 new-yorkaise dans son ensemble permettra d\u2019obtenir un\u00a0<\/span><b>impact positif sur la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">de la Grosse Pomme, m\u00eame si cela signifie la disparition de la l\u00e9gendaire brume urbaine.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">American Lung Association. State of the Air 2023 Report.\u00a0<\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lung.org\/getmedia\/338b0c3c-6bf8-480f-9e6e-b93868c6c476\/SOTA-2023.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/www.lung.org\/getmedia\/338b0c3c-6bf8-480f-9e6e-b93868c6c476\/SOTA-2023.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Frederica Perera, Alique Berberian, David Cooley, Elizabeth Shenaut, Hollie Olmstead, Zev Ross, Thomas Matte. Potential health benefits of sustained air quality improvements in New York City: A simulation based on air pollution levels during the COVID-19 shutdown. Environmental Research, Volume 193, 2021, 110555, ISSN 0013-9351,\u00a0<\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110555\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110555<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Charles L. Blanchard, Stephanie L. Shaw, Eric S. Edgerton, James J. Schwab. Emission influences on air pollutant concentrations in New York State: I. ozone. Atmospheric Environment: X, Volume 3, 2019, 100033, ISSN 2590-1621.\u00a0<\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aeaoa.2019.100033\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aeaoa.2019.100033<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sarah Johnson, Jay Haney, Lia Cairone, Christopher Huskey, and Iyad Kheirbek. Assessing Air Quality and Public Health Benefits of New York City\u2019s Climate Action Plans. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2020, 54, 16, 9804\u20139813, 2020\u00a0<\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.0c00694\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.0c00694<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mohammad Tayarani, Amirhossein Baghestani, Mahdieh Allahviranloo, H. Oliver Gao, Spatial\/temporal variability in transportation emissions and air quality in NYC cordon pricing.Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, Volume 89, 2020, 102620, ISSN 1361-9209,\u00a0<\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trd.2020.102620\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trd.2020.102620<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nowak David J.The Effects of Urban Trees on Air Quality. USDA Services, 2002.\u00a0<\/span><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/groundworkdenver.net\/devs\/Trees_airquality.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">http:\/\/groundworkdenver.net\/devs\/Trees_airquality.pdf<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>New York, la ville qui ne dort jamais, prend parfois des allures de r\u00eave lorsqu\u2019elle est plong\u00e9e dans le brouillard. C\u2019est loin d\u2019\u00eatre le cas pour l\u2019une des villes les plus grandes et les plus dens\u00e9ment peupl\u00e9es au monde. Bien plus qu\u2019un d\u00e9cor de cin\u00e9ma, \u00e9mergeant du myst\u00e9rieux brouillard qui d\u00e9coupe l\u2019horizon de sa silhouette [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":56512,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[417],"tags":[],"resources":[462,467],"class_list":["post-57979","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles-fr","resources-articles","resources-pollution-urbaine"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pollution de l\u2019air \u00e0 New York, le d\u00e9fi de respirer un air pur - Kunak<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"D\u00e9couvrez comment la pollution de l&#039;air \u00e0 New York a atteint des niveaux dangereux affectant la qualit\u00e9 mensuelle de l&#039;air ambiant.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/fr\/pollution-de-l-air-a-new-york\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pollution de l\u2019air \u00e0 New York, le d\u00e9fi de respirer un air pur - 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