{"id":70489,"date":"2026-02-03T14:08:42","date_gmt":"2026-02-03T12:08:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/ultrafine-particles-ufp\/"},"modified":"2026-07-13T19:03:59","modified_gmt":"2026-07-13T17:03:59","slug":"ultrafine-particles-ufp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/ar\/ultrafine-particles-ufp\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 (UFP): \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 (UFPs) \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 <strong>100 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/strong> (PM<sub>0.1<\/sub>)\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627) \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a<\/strong>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a <strong>\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 <strong>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a <strong>\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629.   <\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 <strong>\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a<\/strong> \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/strong>. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0635\u062f \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0643\u0643 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a (PNC). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0648 <strong>\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u0632\u0648\u064b\u0627.  <\/p>\n<div class=\"pm-full-container\">\n<table class=\"pm-table-final\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"pm-corner-off\"><\/th>\n<th>10 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u062e\u0634\u0646\u0629)<\/th>\n<th>2.5 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)<\/th>\n<th>0.1 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"pm-corner-off\"><\/td>\n<td>\n<div class=\"particle-box\">\n<div class=\"coarse-circle\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<div class=\"particle-box\">\n<div class=\"fine-grid\">\n<div class=\"fine-circle\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"fine-circle\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"fine-circle\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"fine-circle\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"fine-circle\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"fine-circle\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"fine-circle\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"fine-circle\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"fine-circle\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<div class=\"particle-box\">\n<div class=\"ultrafine-grid\">\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"ultrafine-dot\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"pm-label-side\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-value\">1<\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-value\">1<\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-value\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"pm-label-side\">\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-value\">1<\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-value\">64<\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-value\">1,000,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"pm-label-side\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-value\">1<\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-value\">0.0625<\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-value\">0.0001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"pm-label-side\">\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629<\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-value\">1<\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-value\">4<\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-value\">100<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"pm-corner-off\"><\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-list-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0647\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-list-cell\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"pm-list-cell\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a. \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 PM<sub>0.1<\/sub> \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 100 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 <strong>\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.1 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u00b5m)<\/strong>. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a.  <\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a <strong>\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 <strong>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a<\/strong> \u0648 <strong>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629<\/strong> \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629<\/strong> (\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\/\u0645<sup>3<\/sup>\u060c \u0623\u0648 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src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/trafico-y-emision-de-particulas-ultrafinas_Kunak.jpg\" alt=\"\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. - \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0643\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-66654\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a 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<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/strong> (PAHs).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0021850222001392\"><em>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 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(2023).<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_66652\" style=\"width: 1930px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-66652\" class=\"wp-image-66652 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Particulas-ultrafinas_salud-y-clima_Kunak.jpg\" alt=\"\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629. - \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0643\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-66652\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f 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\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.   <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 <strong>\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0648). \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0645\u0627 <strong>\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a<\/strong> \u0623\u0648 <strong>\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/strong> \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e.  <\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s12276-020-0403-3\"><em>\u201d\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0629.\u201c<\/em><\/a><em>  \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0644\u060c \u062f. \u0625\u064a. (2024).<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3>\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a. \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 <strong>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0645\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e.   <\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 <strong>\u0630\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0643\u062b\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629) \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0636\u0644\u0644<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n<blockquote><p><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s12276-020-0405-1#citeas\"><em>\u201d\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.\u201c<\/em><\/a><em>  \u0643\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0640. \u0633.\u060c \u0631\u064a\u0648\u060c \u0645. \u0647\u0640. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0646\u060c \u0633. (2020).<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_66658\" style=\"width: 1428px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-66658\" class=\"wp-image-66658 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Vision-microscopica-particulas-ultrafinas.jpg\" alt=\"\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 (UFP) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630. - \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0643\" width=\"1418\" height=\"1349\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-66658\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 (UFP) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40543-020-00233-7\">Springer Nature <\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 <strong>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d). \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0631\u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 <strong>\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n<h3>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b <strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 (CPC):<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a (PNC)<\/strong>. \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 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<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/strong>\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0640 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/strong>. \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0635\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629. <\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <strong>Kunak AIR Pro<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 UFP \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 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href=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/ar\/help-articles\/what-is-kunak-air-cloud\/\"><strong>Kunak Cloud<\/strong><\/a> \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648 <strong>\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u0630\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c <strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631<\/strong> \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 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<strong>\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628\u060c \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 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src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Regular-particulas-ultrafinas_PUF.jpg\" alt=\"\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. - \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0643\" width=\"1280\" height=\"853\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-66646\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u062e\u0644\u0635 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eea.europa.eu\/en\/analysis\/publications\/monitoring-report-on-progress-towards-the-8th-eap-objectives-2025-edition\/indicators\/07-premature-deaths-due-to-exposure-to-fine-particulate-matter-in-europe_ind.pdf\/\">\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 (EEA)<\/a> \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0632 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 <strong>PM<sub>2.5<\/sub><\/strong> \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 <strong>55%<\/strong> \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2030 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0645 2005\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 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href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/ALL\/?uri=CELEX:32024L2881\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 (EU) 2024\/2881<\/strong><\/a> <strong>\u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637<\/strong> \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/RegData\/etudes\/BRIE\/2023\/747087\/EPRS_BRI(2023)747087_EN.pdf\">\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a<\/a>: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a.  <\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u0646\u0634\u0631<\/strong> \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 <strong>\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629<\/strong> \u0628\u062f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 <strong>\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631<\/strong> \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/en\/press\/press-releases\/2024\/04\/12\/euro-7-council-adopts-new-rules-on-emission-limits-for-cars-vans-and-trucks\/\">Euro 7<\/a> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f (PN)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.  <\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 (EPA)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/pmcourse\/particle-pollution-exposure\"><strong>\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 (EPA)<\/strong><\/a> \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/clean-air-act-overview\">\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641<\/a>. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631:<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c PM<sub>0.1<\/sub> \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648) \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (WHO)<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/questions-and-answers\/item\/who-global-air-quality-guidelines\">\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 (2021)<\/a>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0641 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a UFP \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0651\u062b \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a UFP \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f (EU) 2024\/2881.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong> \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 Kunak \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a UFP \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0642\u0634\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a <strong>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 (LEZs)<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 Kunak \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629.  <\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_66650\" style=\"width: 1930px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-66650\" class=\"wp-image-66650 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Salud-y-particulas-ultrafinas_Kunak.jpg\" alt=\"\u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628. - Kunak\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-66650\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628.<\/p><\/div>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 (FAQs)<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648PM<sub>2.5<\/sub>\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0644 <strong>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645<\/strong>: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645 <strong>PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> (\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642)<\/strong> \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 <strong>\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/strong> \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a UFP \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0630\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u0629 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u063a\u0627\u0632<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0648<strong>\u0625\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/strong> \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628.   <\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a <strong>\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0648\u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a UFP \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a UFP \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 <strong>\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064d \u0635\u062d\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0635\u062f\u0647.  <\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_66640\" style=\"width: 1930px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-66640\" class=\"wp-image-66640 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Particulas-talla-relativa.jpg\" alt=\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 (UFPs) \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0627. - Kunak\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\"><p id=\"caption-attachment-66640\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 (UFPs) \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0627 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.visualcapitalist.com\/visualizing-relative-size-of-particles\/\">Visual Capitalist<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<h3>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0651\u064e\u0645 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a UFP \u0628\u0639\u062f\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627<\/strong>\u060c \u0638\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/strong>. \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.  <\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628<\/strong> \u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a UFP. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 PM<sub>10<\/sub> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c <strong>\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a UFP \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/strong> \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 <strong>\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/strong> \u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645. <\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 <strong>\u062e\u0637\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a <strong>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/strong>. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u2014\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f. \u0648\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/ar\/smart-cartridges\/ultrafine-particle-sensor\/\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 Kunak UFP<\/a>\u060c <strong>\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a UFP \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631.   <\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a UFP\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0640<strong>\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/strong>. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062e\u064a \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 <strong>\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629.  <\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0648 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 <strong>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629<\/strong> \u0644\u062f\u0649 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. <\/p>\n<div class=\"kunak-cita-destacada\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a <strong>\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0630\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a UFP \u0628\u0640<strong>\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong> 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\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u2014\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629.  <\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_66644\" style=\"width: 1290px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-66644\" class=\"wp-image-66644 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/kunakair.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Medir-particulas-ultrafinas_proteger-vida_Kunak.jpg\" alt=\"\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f 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\u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 <strong>\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627<\/strong>. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0644<strong>\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f<\/strong> \u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a UFP\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.  <\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 <strong>\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0644. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 <strong>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong>. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/strong> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 Kunak\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.  <\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a UFP \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647<\/strong> \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627. <\/p>\n<div class=\"kunak-cita-destacada\"><strong>\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0647\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0636\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u2014\u0635\u062d\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0646\u0627.<\/strong><\/div>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Schraufnagel, D. E. (2020). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629. <em>Experimental &#038; Molecular Medicine, 52<\/em>(3), 311\u2013317. (\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 2024). <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32203102\/\">https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32203102\/<\/a>  <\/li>\n<li>Braithwaite, I., Zhang, S., Kirkbride, J. B., Osborn, D. P. J., &#038; Hayes, J. F. (2019). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0626\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0631: \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u064a. <em>Environmental Health Perspectives<\/em>, 127(12), 126002. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6957283\/\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6957283\/<\/a> <\/li>\n<li>Chen, Ch., Zakharov, D.N. &#038; Khalizov, A.F. (2023). \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d. <em>Journal of Aerosol Science<\/em>, 168, 106103. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0021850222001392\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0021850222001392<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Kwon, H.S., Ryu, M.H. &#038; Carlsten, C. (2020). \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629: \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629-\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636. <em>Experimental &#038; Molecular Medicine<\/em>, 52, 318\u2013328. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s12276-020-0405-1#citeas\">https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s12276-020-0405-1#citeas<\/a> <\/li>\n<li>Wiedensohler, A., Weinhold, K., Schladitz, A., Pfeifer, S., M\u00fcller, T., Birmili, W., &#038; Tuch, T. (2023). \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629. <em>Journal of Aerosol Science<\/em>, 168, 106103. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2022.106103\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaerosci.2022.106103<\/a> <\/li>\n<li>Yang, J.B., Yun, H.J., Yeon, M.J. <i>et al.<\/i> \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u064b\u0627: \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627. <i>J Anal Sci Technol<\/i> 11, 33 (2020). <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40543-020-00233-7\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40543-020-00233-7<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 (UFPs) \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 100 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 (PM<sub>0.1<\/sub>)\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627) \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":70490,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[535],"tags":[659,657,653],"resources":[548],"class_list":["post-70489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-particulate-matter-ar","tag-air-quality-sensors-ar","tag-atmospheric-pollutants-ar","resources-pollution-health"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 (UFP): \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a 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